RADAR AND NAVIGATIONAL AIDS

Question bank

Elective

ECE & ETCE

VIII SEMESTER

UNIT 1

RANGE AND EQUATION AND TYPES OF RADAR
PART – A

1.   Define radar?                                                         

2.   What do you mean by maximum unambiguous range?

3.   What is the fundamental range equation?             

4.   What are the reasons for the failure of the simple form of the radar equation?

5.   Define minimum detectable signal?                      

6.   What are the applications of radar?                                   

7.   Define pulse repetition frequency.                        

8.   What is called a thermal noise?                             

9.   Define Signal to Noise Ratio.                               

10.  Give some examples of System Losses?              

11.        Write down the limitations MTI performances

12.        Define pulse Doppler radar                                           

13.        Define Tracking radar                                       

14.        Distinguish between a continuous tracking radar and track while scan radar.

15.        What is the Disadvantage of the Radar while using in its Tracking Mode?

16.        What is meant by sequential lobing                              

17.        What is conical scanning                                               

18.        Distinguish between Sequential & conical scan           

19.        Define squist angle                                           

20.        What is Beacons?                      

PART-B

1.   Derive the simple form of the radar equation?                              

2.   Explain the radar block diagram in detail?                        

3.   Explain about the Receiver noise and derive the signal to noise ratio?

4.   Explain the various system losses?                                                

5.   Explain about the Delay lines tracking radar?                   

6.   With neat diagram explain the operation of conical scan?            

7.   With neat diagram explain the operation of sequential lobing?    

8.   Explain the operation of monopulse tracking radar?                     

9.   Explain about the CW and pulse-Doppler radar?                         

10.        Explain briefly about amplitude and phase comparison of monopulse radar?

UNIT – II. TRANSMITTERS, RECEIVERS AND ANTENNAS

PART – A

1. Define velocity modulation in klystron amplifier?
2. Explain the beam loading phenomenon.
3. Write the parameters on which bunching depend on.
4. What is the condition for oscillation in Reflex klystron?
5. How the klystron amplifier can act as klystron oscillator?
6. How the klystron amplifier can act as klystron oscillator?
7. Compare TWTA and klystron amplifier.
8. Mention the main applications of TWT.
9. What is the purpose of slow wave structures used in TWT amplifiers?
10. What is the use of attenuator in TWT?
11. What is CFA? State the applications of CFA.
12. Define phase focusing effect.
13. What are all the types CFA?
14. List out various applications of Magnetron.
15. Draw the cross sectional sketch of the coaxial cavity magnetron.
16. What are radomes?
17. What are the applications of Radomes? 
18. Differentiate raw & synthetic video.
19. What is use of Duplexer?
20. What is PPI?

PART – B

1.   Briefly explain the operation of Klystron.                        

2.   Explain the operation of Magnetron with a neat diagram.

3.   With neat diagram explain the operation of TWT amplifiers.

4.   Explain about crossed field’s amplifiers in detail.

5.   Explain the operation of parabolic cassegrainian antenna.

6.   With neat diagram explain the operation of cosecant squares antennas.

7.   Explain the various types of CRT displays which might be used for tracking radars.

8.   What are Duplexers? Explain their significance in typical radar and its types.

UNIT – III

DETECTION OF RADAR SIGNALS IN NOISE

PART – A

1.      Define Matched filter.

2.      What is called missed detection?

3.      Draw the block diagram of a Cross correlation receiver.

4.      Define moving window detector.

5.      What is the use of likelihood ratio receiver?

6.      Define sequential detection.

7.      State optimum detector law.

8.      What is the use of logarithmic detector?

9.      Draw the block diagram of IQ detector.

10.  What is the use of coherent detector?

11.  What is meant by automatic detection?

12.  Define CFAR.

13.  What is called distribution free detector? 

14.  Define clutter map.

15.  What are all the other forms of clutter map?

16.  Define pulse compression.

17.  What are all the ways of pulse compression?

18.  Define ECCM.

19.  Draw the block diagram of FM pulse compression radar.

20.  Define range Doppler coupling.

PART – B

1.      Explain in detail about Matched – filters.

2.      With a neat diagram explain about the cross-correlation receiver.

3.      Explain the detection criterion using Inverse probability receiver & Sequential observer.

4.      Explain detector characteristics using Envelope detector.

5.      Explain about Logarithmic & I-Q detector in detail.

6.      How automatic detection using Re circulating-delay-line integrator is done?

7.      How automatic detection using Binary moving-window detector is done

8.      With a neat block diagram explain about CFAR receiver.

9.      Explain in detail about pulse compression?

10.  What are the ways for classification of targets with Radar explain?

Unit -IV

PROPAGATION OF RADAR WAVES AND CLUTTER:

PART – A

1.      What is the reason for  Plane earth problem to occur ?

2.      Draw the diagram of propagation over a plane reflecting surface.

3.      Define Brewster’s angle.

4.      What is the reason for  spherical earth problem to occur ?

5.      What are the two regions of interest in Radar propagation?

6.      Define index of refraction.

7.      Define reflectivity.

8.      Define sub refraction.

9.      Define super refraction.

10.  Define diffraction.

11.  Draw the block diagram for GTD analyzer.

12.  What is clutter?

13.  what are all the types of clutter ?

14.  Define surface clutter.

15.  Write down the surface-clutter radar equation.

16.  What is sea clutter?

17.  What are all parameters that sea echoes depends upon?

18.  What are all the ways detection of targets on sea is done?

19.  What are all the factors that affect the radar due to weather?

20.  Define equivalent radar reflectivity factor.

PART – B

1.      Explain about various problems created due to propagation over a plane earth.

2.      Explain in detail about the spherical Earth Problem.

3.      Define refraction and explain in detail about effect of refraction.

4.      Define diffraction and explain in detail about effect of diffraction.

5.      Derive and explain Surface-clutter Radar equation.

6.      Explain in detail about on Sea Clutter.

7.      Explain the ways of detection of targets using frequency and polarization in clutter is done.

8.      How scattering from rain & snow affects the effects of weather on radar? 

Unit - V

RADAR TOPICS AND NAVIGATIONAL AIDS:

PART - A

1.   Define range resolution.

2.   What is inverse SAR?

3.   Define side looking radar.

4.   Define azimuth resolution.

5.   Give the Radar equation for SAR?

6.   Define OTH.

7.   How is angle resolution determined?

8.   Define ARSR.

9.   What is air surveillance radar?

10.        What are two different types of civilian air-surveillance radar?

11.        Write the biostatic radar equation.

12.        Define LORAN.

13.        Draw the block diagram of ILS.

14.        What are the drawbacks of ILS?

15.        What are the site effects in the ILS?

16.        What are the major elements that are used in GCA?

17.        Mention the types of automatic direction finders.

18.        What are the two types of radio ranges in use?

19.        What are the sources of errors in VOR system?

20.        What is Doppler navigation?

PART - B

1.   Explain in detail about the Synthetic Aperture Radar.

2.   Explain in detail about the Over the Horizon radar.

3.   Explain with a block diagram of ASR-8.

4.   Compare biostatic and mono static radars in detail.

5.   Explain with a block diagram of LORAN operation.

6.   Describe in detail about various direction finders.

7.   Explain the working of airborne Doppler navigation.

8.   Briefly discuss the VHF Omni Directional Rang.

Semester VIII - Total Quality Management Question Bank - 2012 (Common to all Branches of Engineering)

Vinayaka Missions University, Salem

V.M.K.V.Engineering College, Salem

&

Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology, Paiyanoor.

Semester VIII - Total Quality Management

  Question Bank - 2012

(Common to all Branches of Engineering)

Note: Usage of statistical tables permitted for University Examination.

Graph sheet to be supplied for University Examination.

                                            

Unit – 1 Introduction

Part – A (2 Marks)

1.      Define the term quality.

2.      Define TQM.

3.      Name dimensions of quality?

4.      Name any four prominent TQM pioneers.

5.      What are the necessary characteristics of a good quality product?

6.      What is serviceability?

7.      What is durability?

8.      What is quality planning?

9.      What are the objectives of quality planning?

10.  What is meant by quality costs?

11.  Give examples of internal failure costs?

12.  Give examples of external failure costs?

13.  What do you mean by total cost of quality?

14.  List the techniques used for analyzing the quality costs.

15.  Define strategic planning.

16.  Name any four role of senior management.

17.  What is a quality council?

18.  What is a quality policy statement?

19.  List any four characteristics of a quality policy statement.

20.  Mention any four duties and responsibilities of the quality council.

21.  What is mission statement?

22.  Define leadership?

23.  What is management by wandering?

24.  Name any four tangible benefits of TQM.

25.  Name any two popular awards for quality.

Part – B (12 Marks)

1. List and discuss the dimensions of quality in detail.

2. What are basic concepts of TQM? Explain each.

3. What are the characteristics of quality leaders?

4. Explain seven habits of successful people?

5. What are quality statements? Discuss with examples.

6. Explain the Deming Philosophy for improving quality, productivity and competitiveness.

7. Define quality cost. Explain the different types of quality costs.

8. What are the barriers for implementing TQM in industries? Explain.

9. Explain the roles of senior management in successful implementation of TQM.

10. Describe the process of strategic planning and state its importance.

                                  

                                                         

                                                                     Unit 2

Part – A (2 Marks)

1.       What is customer satisfaction?

2.       Name the five important principle of TQM.

3.       What do you mean by customer perceived quality?

4.       What is service quality?

5.       What are the components of service quality?

6.       What do you mean by customer defection?

7.       Define customer retention.

8.       What is employee motivation?

9.       What do you mean by safety needs?

10.    Define empowerment.

11.    Give any two benefits of empowerment.

12.    Define a team and teamwork.

13.    List the stages of team building.

14.    List out the characteristics of a successful team.

15.    Name types of teams?

16.    What is performance appraisal?

17.    What is PDSA?

18.    What is 5 S?

19.    What is sourcing?

20.    What are the types of sourcing?

21.    What is Muda?

22.    What do you mean by continuous process improvement?

23.    Define Kaizen.

24.    Define partnering.

25.    What is Malcolm Balridge National Quality Award?

Part – B (12 Marks)

1.      Who are customers? Explain the roles of different types of customers in a TQM effort.

2.      Is customer complaint necessary for an Organization? If yes, list the various tools used for collecting customer complaints.

3.      Explain the customer – supplier chain model.

4.      Explain the service quality with its characteristics and expectations.

5.      Discuss the characteristics of the empowered employees.

6.      What are teams? What are the characteristics of successful teams?

7.      Describe the Juran Trilogy in detail.

8.      Explain the phases of PDSA cycle with suitable example. And list out the benefits of PDSA cycle.

9.      Discuss the various steps in the development of performance appraisal system.

10.  Explain the different ways to recognize people.

11.  Discuss the important elements to achieve customer/supplier partnering relationship.

12.  Enumerate the various stages in supplier selection and evaluation. 

                                                                                                                       

                                                           

Unit 3

Part – A (2 Marks)

    

1.      What do you mean by measure of central tendency?

2.      What do you mean by measures of dispersion?

3.      Define population.

4.      Define data and information.

5.      3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 8 and 10, what are average, median, and mode?

6.      List seven quality control tools.

7.      Give examples of vital few.

8.      Give examples of useful many.

9.      What is Pareto diagram?

10.  A company collected data on the reasons for returned shipments during a quarter.

Results are: wrong selection 50,000; refused 195,000; wrong address 68000; order cancelled 5000; and others 15000. Construct a Pareto diagram.

11.  What is a fish bone diagram?

12.  What is a check sheet?

13.  What is a histogram?

14.  What is process capability and process capability index?

15.  What is the standard deviation and the average for the normal curve shown below?    

16.  What are  and R charts?

17.  Upper limit and lower limit are +4σ and - 4σ respectively and the process capability is ± 3σ , what is the process capability index C_p?

18.  What does a negative C_pk mean?

19.  What is an attribute?

20.  What are p charts and np charts?

21.  Write down the difference between a defect and defective.

22.  What is six sigma?

23.  List any two merits of six sigma. 

24.  What is relationship diagram?

25.  What is matrix diagram?

Part – B (12 Marks)

1.      Write short notes on the seven tools of quality.

2.      Write about objectives of control charts and the procedure used to generate them.

3.      Discuss process capability, process capability index, and C_pk.

4.      An organization that fills shampoo tries to maintain a specific weight of the product. The table below gives weight of 110 bottles that were checked at random intervals. Make a tally of these weights and construct a frequency histogram. ( weights in kg)

6.00	5.98	6.01	6.01	5.97	5.99	5.98	6.01	5.99	5.98	5.96
5.98	5.99	5.99	6.03	5.99	6.01	5.98	5.99	5.97	6.01	5.98
5.97	6.01	6.00	5.96	6.00	5.97	5.95	5.99	5.99	6.01	5.98
6.01	6.03	6.01	5.99	5.99	6.02	6.00	5.98	6.01	5.98	5.99
6.00	5.98	6.05	6.00	6.00	5.98	5.99	6.00	5.97	6.00	6.00
6.00	5.98	6.00	5.94	5.99	6.02	6.00	5.98	6.02	6.01	6.00
5.97	6.01	6.04	6.02	6.01	5.97	5.99	6.02	5.99	6.02	5.99
6.02	5.99	6.01	5.98	5.99	6.00	6.02	5.99	6.02	5.95	6.02
5.96	5.99	6.00	6.00	6.01	5.99	5.96	6.01	6.00	6.01	5.98
6.00	5.99	5.98	5.99	6.03	5.99	6.02	5.98	6.02	6.02	5.97

5.      Control charts for  and R are to be established on a certain dimension part        measured in mm. Data were collected in sub group size 6 and are given below.         Determine the trial central line and control limits. Assume assignable causes and         revise the central line and limits.

Sub Group number		R	Sub Group number		R
1	20.35	0.34	14	20.41	0.36
2	20.40	0.36	15	20.45	0.34
3	20.36	0.32	16	20.34	0.36
4	20.65	0.36	17	20.36	0.37
5	20.20	0.36	18	20.42	0.73
6	20.40	0.35	19	20.50	0.38
7	20.43	0.31	20	20.31	0.35
8	20.37	0.34	21	20.39	0.38
9	20.48	0.30	22	20.39	0.33
10	20.42	0.37	23	20.40	0.32
11	20.39	0.29	24	20.41	0.34
12	20.38	0.30	25	20.40	0.30
13	20.40	0.33

6.      Calculate mean, median, mode and standard deviation for the following distribution of      marks in TQM out of 100marks for 80 students.

Marks	0 - 20	20 - 40	40 - 60	60 - 80	80- 100
No. of students	4	26	22	16	12

7.      The mean weight of 500 male students at a certain college is 65.6 Kg and the standard       deviation is 10 Kg. Assuming that the weights are normally distributed, find how  many students weigh (i) more than 75.5 Kg, and (ii) between 55.5 and 75.5 Kg.

8.      The number of defectives in lots for a particular item is shown below. Each lot consists     of 400 items.

Lot No.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
No. of defects  per lot	24	38	52	26	36	30	42	52	20	16	20	24

a)      Compute trial control limits for np-chart.

b)      State whether the process is in control or not?

c)      Calculate the revised control limits for np-chart.

9.  Describe 7 new tools of quality management.

10. Describe in detail the steps of achieving the six sigma state.

Unit 4

Part – A (2 Marks)

1.      What is Bench Marking?

2.      What is product Bench Marking?

3.      List any four objectives for benchmarking.

4.      Why site visits are necessary in a benchmarking process?

5.      What is house of quality?

6.      What are the objectives of QFD?

7.      List any three benefits of QFD.

8.      What is target?

9.      What is TPM?

10.  What are the objectives of TPM?

11.  What is meant by availability?

12.  What is meant by performance efficiency?

13.  Why TPM is required?

14.  What are the objectives of FMEA?

15.  What is down time?

16.  What is FMEA?

17.  Define risk priority number. Also state its significance.

18.  Define reliability.

19.  What is Quality function deployment?

20.  What is meant by detection?

21.  Define maintenance.

22.  Define predictive maintenance.

23.  List the types of maintenance.

24.  Write down the philosophy of quality loss function.

25.  What are the types of loss measurements in TPM?

Part – B (12 Marks)

1.      Write the step by step procedure of implementing a benchmarking process in an    organization.

2. a) Discuss the different types of benchmarking.

    b) List out the benefits of benchmarking.

3. List out the step by step procedure to build the house of quality.

4. What are the benefits of QFD?

5. Briefly explain the Taguchi’s quality lost function with an illustration

6. Write the step by step procedure to develop a TPM programme in an organization.

7. Explain the different types of maintenance techniques in detail.

8. Write the step by step procedure for implementing a FMEA of a product.

9. a) List out the benefits of the FMEA.

    b) Discuss the different types of FMEA.

10. (a) The specifications of a particular product are 25 3 and the average repair cost

             is Rs.90. Determine the quality loss function and the loss when X = 23.

(b)    A product has a constant failure rate of 0.018 per hour. What is the probability

      that the product will survive or be reliable during the first 120 hours of   

      operations?

                                                           

UNIT – V: Quality Systems  

Part – A (2 marks)

1.      What is a quality system?

2.      What is ISO?

3.      What are the areas of applications of ISO 9000 series of standards?

4.      What are the benefits of documentation?

5.      Define quality audit.

6.      What does ISO 9000 refer to?

7.      What is ISO – 14000 series of standards?

8.      What do you mean by Environmental policy?

9.      What is EMS audit?

10.  Define the environmental effect.   

11.  Give an example of standard quality management system.

12.  Why is ISO 9000 adopted by thousands of companies in all over the countries?

13.  What are ISO 9000: 2000 quality management principles?

14.  What is internal auditing?

15.  Who is third party registrar?

16.  What is QS 9000?

17.  What is EMS?

18.  What do you mean by two party quality system?

19.  What are the documents required for the implementation of quality system?

20.  What is the responsibility of Management Representative?

21.  Define the environmental impact.

22.  What are the two main ISO – 14000 series of standards?

23.  What are the types of quality audit?

24.  What are the objectives of environmental auditing?

25.  How ISO 14000 standards differ from ISO 9000 series of quality system.

Part – B (12 marks)

1.      Describe the twenty elements of ISO 9000 standards.

2.      Explain the steps followed to get ISO-9000 certification for an educational institute.

3.      Explain in detail about the documentation of quality system.

4.      Explain the various stages of quality auditing.

5.      Write short notes on the structure of QS-9000.

6.      Discuss the various elements of ISO-14000 standards.

7.      Enumerate the basic approach to environmental management system, showing a       EMS Model.

8.      What are the benefits of ISO 14000?   

9.      Describe the purpose of ISO 9000quality system? What are the benefits of ISO      Certification?  

10.  Why is documentation the most common reason for noncompliance?

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Best wishes

Vinayaka Missions University, Salem

BE Degree Examinations, April 2012

Model Question Paper

Semester VIII - Total Quality Management

(Common to all Branches)

Time: 3 hrs                                                                                                                              Max. Marks: 80

Note: Usage of statistical tables permitted for University Examination.

Graph sheet to be supplied for University Examination.

Answer all questions. All questions carry equal marks.

Part – A (10 X 2 = 20 Marks)

1.      Name any four prominent TQM pioneers.

2.      What do you mean by total cost of quality?

3.      What is service quality?

4.      What is Malcolm Balridge National Quality Award?

5.      What is Pareto diagram?

6.      What is process capability and process capability index?

7.      List any three benefits of QFD.

8.      Define risk priority number. Also state its significance.

9.      What is EMS audit?

10.  Why is ISO 9000 adopted by thousands of companies in all over the countries?

Part – B (5 X 12 = 60 Marks)

11.  (a) Explain the Deming Philosophy for improving quality, productivity and                                                                                                    competitiveness.

(or)

(b)   Describe the process of strategic planning and state its importance.

12.   (a) Is customer complaint necessary for an Organization? If yes, list the various tools  used for collecting customer complaints.

 (or)

      (b) Discuss the important elements to achieve customer/supplier partnering relationship.

13. (a) The number of defectives in lots for a particular item is shown below. Each lot   consists of 400 items.

Lot No.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
No. of defects  per lot	24	38	52	26	36	30	42	52	20	16	20	24

                    i.            Compute trial control limits for np-chart.

                  ii.            State whether the process is in control or not?

                iii.            Calculate the revised control limits for np-chart.

(or)

      (b) Write short notes on the seven tools of quality.

14. (a)  List out the step by step procedure to build the house of quality.

(or)

      (b) Write the step by step procedure for implementing a FMEA of a product.

15. (a)  Explain the steps followed to get ISO-9000 certification for an educational institute.

(or)

   (b) Discuss the various elements of ISO-14000 standards.

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