RADAR AND
NAVIGATIONAL AIDS
Question bank
Elective
ECE & ETCE
VIII SEMESTER
UNIT 1
RANGE
AND EQUATION AND TYPES OF RADAR
PART – A
PART – A
1.
Define
radar?
2.
What
do you mean by maximum unambiguous range?
3.
What
is the fundamental range equation?
4.
What
are the reasons for the failure of the simple form of the radar equation?
5.
Define
minimum detectable signal?
6. What are the applications of radar?
7.
Define
pulse repetition frequency.
8. What is called a thermal noise?
9. Define Signal to Noise Ratio.
10. Give some examples of System Losses?
11.
Write
down the limitations MTI performances
12.
Define
pulse Doppler radar
13.
Define
Tracking radar
14.
Distinguish
between a continuous tracking radar and track while scan radar.
15.
What is the
Disadvantage of the Radar while using in its Tracking Mode?
16.
What
is meant by sequential lobing
17.
What
is conical scanning
18.
Distinguish
between Sequential & conical scan
19.
Define
squist angle
20.
What
is Beacons?
PART-B
1. Derive the simple form of the radar
equation?
2. Explain the radar block diagram in
detail?
3. Explain about the Receiver noise and
derive the signal to noise ratio?
4. Explain the various system losses?
5.
Explain
about the Delay lines tracking radar?
6.
With neat diagram explain the operation of conical scan?
7.
With neat diagram explain the operation of sequential
lobing?
8.
Explain the operation of monopulse tracking radar?
9.
Explain about the CW and pulse-Doppler radar?
10.
Explain briefly
about amplitude and phase comparison of monopulse radar?
UNIT – II. TRANSMITTERS, RECEIVERS AND
ANTENNAS
PART – A
- Define velocity modulation in
klystron amplifier?
- Explain the beam loading
phenomenon.
- Write the parameters on which bunching
depend on.
- What is the condition for oscillation in
Reflex klystron?
- How
the klystron amplifier can act as klystron oscillator?
- How
the klystron amplifier can act as klystron oscillator?
- Compare TWTA and klystron
amplifier.
- Mention the main applications of
TWT.
- What is the purpose of slow wave
structures used in TWT amplifiers?
- What
is the use of attenuator in TWT?
- What is CFA? State the applications of
CFA.
- Define
phase focusing effect.
- What
are all the types CFA?
- List out various applications of
Magnetron.
- Draw
the cross sectional sketch of the coaxial cavity magnetron.
- What
are radomes?
- What
are the applications of Radomes?
- Differentiate
raw & synthetic video.
- What
is use of Duplexer?
- What
is PPI?
PART – B
1.
Briefly explain the operation of Klystron.
2.
Explain the operation of Magnetron with a neat diagram.
3.
With neat diagram explain the operation of TWT
amplifiers.
4.
Explain about crossed field’s amplifiers in detail.
5.
Explain the operation of parabolic cassegrainian
antenna.
6.
With neat diagram explain the operation of cosecant
squares antennas.
7.
Explain
the various types of CRT displays which might be used for tracking
radars.
8.
What are Duplexers? Explain their significance in
typical radar and its types.
UNIT – III
DETECTION OF RADAR SIGNALS IN NOISE
PART – A
1. Define Matched filter.
2.
What is called missed detection?
3.
Draw
the block diagram of a Cross correlation receiver.
4.
Define
moving window detector.
5.
What is the use of likelihood ratio receiver?
6.
Define sequential detection.
7.
State optimum detector law.
8.
What is the use of logarithmic detector?
9.
Draw the block diagram of IQ detector.
10. What
is the use of coherent detector?
11. What is meant by automatic detection?
12. Define CFAR.
13. What is called distribution free
detector?
14. Define clutter map.
15. What are all the other forms of
clutter map?
16. Define pulse compression.
17. What are all the ways of pulse compression?
18. Define ECCM.
19. Draw the block diagram of FM pulse
compression radar.
20. Define range Doppler coupling.
PART – B
1.
Explain in detail about Matched – filters.
2.
With a neat diagram explain about the cross-correlation
receiver.
3.
Explain
the detection criterion using Inverse probability receiver & Sequential observer.
4.
Explain detector characteristics using
Envelope detector.
5.
Explain about Logarithmic & I-Q detector in detail.
6.
How automatic detection using Re circulating-delay-line integrator is
done?
7.
How automatic detection using Binary moving-window detector
is done
8.
With a neat block diagram explain about CFAR receiver.
9.
Explain in detail about pulse compression?
10. What
are the ways for classification of targets with Radar explain?
Unit -IV
PROPAGATION
OF RADAR WAVES AND CLUTTER:
PART – A
1.
What is the reason for
Plane earth problem to occur ?
2.
Draw the diagram of propagation over a plane reflecting
surface.
3.
Define Brewster’s angle.
4.
What is the reason for
spherical earth problem to occur ?
5.
What are the two regions of interest in Radar
propagation?
6.
Define index of refraction.
7.
Define reflectivity.
8.
Define sub refraction.
9.
Define super refraction.
10. Define
diffraction.
11. Draw
the block diagram for GTD analyzer.
12. What
is clutter?
13. what
are all the types of clutter ?
14. Define
surface clutter.
15. Write down the surface-clutter radar equation.
16. What
is sea clutter?
17. What
are all parameters that sea echoes depends upon?
18. What
are all the ways detection of targets on sea is done?
19. What
are all the factors that affect the radar due to weather?
20. Define
equivalent radar reflectivity factor.
PART – B
1. Explain
about various problems created due to propagation over a plane earth.
2. Explain
in detail about the spherical Earth Problem.
3. Define
refraction and explain in detail about effect of refraction.
4. Define
diffraction and explain in detail about effect of diffraction.
5. Derive
and explain Surface-clutter Radar equation.
6. Explain
in detail about on Sea Clutter.
7. Explain
the ways of detection of targets using frequency and polarization in clutter is
done.
8. How
scattering from rain & snow affects the effects of weather on radar?
Unit - V
RADAR TOPICS AND NAVIGATIONAL AIDS:
PART - A
1.
Define
range resolution.
2.
What
is inverse SAR?
3.
Define side looking radar.
4.
Define azimuth resolution.
5.
Give the Radar equation for SAR?
6.
Define OTH.
7.
How is angle resolution determined?
8.
Define ARSR.
9.
What
is air surveillance radar?
10.
What are
two different types of civilian air-surveillance radar?
11.
Write
the biostatic radar equation.
12.
Define LORAN.
13.
Draw
the block diagram of ILS.
14.
What
are the drawbacks of ILS?
15.
What
are the site effects in the ILS?
16.
What
are the major elements that are used in GCA?
17.
Mention
the types of automatic direction finders.
18.
What are the two types of radio ranges in use?
19.
What are the sources of errors in VOR system?
20.
What is Doppler navigation?
PART - B
1.
Explain in detail about the Synthetic Aperture Radar.
2.
Explain in detail about the Over the Horizon radar.
3.
Explain with a block diagram of ASR-8.
4.
Compare biostatic and mono static radars in detail.
5.
Explain with a block diagram of LORAN operation.
6.
Describe in detail about various direction finders.
7.
Explain the working of airborne Doppler navigation.
8.
Briefly
discuss the VHF Omni Directional Rang.